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''Cirsium edule'', the edible thistle, is a species of thistle in the genus ''Cirsium'', native to western North America from southeastern Alaska south through British Columbia to Washington and Oregon, and locally inland to Idaho.〔(Biota of North America Program 2014 state-level distribution map )〕 ''Cirsium edule'' is a tall herbaceous perennial plant, reaching 1–2 m (40-80 inches) in height. The leaves are very spiny, lobed, 10–30 cm long and 2–5 cm broad (smaller on the upper part of the flower stem). The inflorescence is 3–4 cm diameter, purple, with numerous disc florets but no ray florets. The achenes are 4–5 mm long, with a downy pappus which assists in wind dispersal. It is monocarpic, growing as a low rosette of leaves for a number of years, then sending up the tall flowering stem in spring, with the plant dying after seed maturation.〔(Flora of North America, Edible thistle, cardon, Cirsium edule Nuttall, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 420. 1841. )〕 Edible thistle is used by Native Americans for its edible roots and young shoots. The roots are sweet, but contain inulin, which gives some people digestive problems.〔(Plants for a Future: ''Cirsium edule'' )〕 ;Varieties〔〔 * ''Cirsium edule'' var. ''edule'' - Oregon, Washington * ''Cirsium edule'' var. ''macounii'' (Greene) D.J.Keil - Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, Alaska * ''Cirsium edule'' var. ''edule'' wenatchense D.J.Keil - Washington〔(Keil, David John 2004. Sida 21(1): 213 )〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cirsium edule」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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